Month: September 2016

Science Class Work

Muhsin Ahmed and Andre Briones

Microscopes are useful in studying cell biology because it can magnify into an object that is underneath the scope and show its cells. The cell can then  be examined by scientists and therefore it builds understandings of cells. The reason whit is i really helpful is because they can zoom in up to 1000 times  bigger than the normal size.if it was  the normal size we wouldn’t be able to examine it but this way we can.

Magnification calculation formula: Length of object=Length of magnified object/magnification

Magnification is the ability to make small objects seem lager and resolution is the ability to separate two objects from each other.

Advantages of light microscope:

  • Simple to use
  • Can view both alive and dead specimen
  • The biggest advantage is that they have a higher resolution and therefore are also able of a higher magnification.
  • Depending on the type of electron microscope, it is possible to view the three dimensional external shape of an object.
  • In scanning electron microscopy, because to the nature of electrons, electron microscopes have a greater depth of field compared to the light microscopes

Disadvantages of light microscopes:

  • Very expensive
  • Sample preparation is often much more complex
  • The sample must be completely dry, making it impossible to see
  • Its impossible to see it moving
  • Its impossible to see color
  • The space needed is high
  • To keep it maintained is expensive

Bacterial (prokaryotic) cells:

  • Flagellum- enables many bacteria to swim
  • Cytoplasm-
  • Ribosomes-
  • Nucleoid-
  • Plasma Membrane-
  • Cell Wall-
  • Capsule-
  • Plasmid-
  • Pili-                                                                                                                  –

 

Lichens

A lichen is not a single organism; it is a stable symbiotic association between a fungus and algae and/or cyanobacteria. Lichens can be used as to tell us if there is a high amount of air pollution in and around the area, including all the sulfur dioxide concentration in the atmosphere, as Lichen are sensitive to all the Sulfur Dioxide in the air. Lichens are plants that grow in exposed places such as rocks, tree bark and bare ground. They need to be very good at absorbing water and nutrients to grow there. Impacts of Acid Rain has meant that Lichen on tree bark have been affected and therefore destroying its chlorophyll, resulting in no more Photosynthesis.